Signature feeding and transferring mechanism



Sept- 18, 1951 E. H. BECHBERGER SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Filed June 6, 1946 10 Sheets-Sheet 1 w v r INVENTOR. EFIRL I'LEECHHER'EER ep 1951 E. H. BECHBERGER 2,568,604

SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Y 0 Filed June 6, 1946 10 SheetSSheet 2 INVENTOR. EFIRL HEEEHHERGER HTTU RNEys P 1951 E. H. BECHBERGER 2,568,604

SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Filed June 6,1946 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 a h &

IN V EN TOR.

EHRL HEEEHEERGER BY W wahmj yflmziw ELTDRNEIS' Sept. 18, 1951 BECHBERGER 2,568,604

SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Filed June 6, 1946 1o Sheets-Sheet 4 IN VEN TOR.

EFIRL H-EECHBER'BER BY HTTIJRNEYS p 1951 E. H. BECHBERGER SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June 6, 1946 INVENTOR. EFIRL H-EECHHER BE Fe yang/WM HTTDRNE 5 E. H. BECHBERGER SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Sept. 18, 1951 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed June 6, 1946 I INVENTOR. Enm. H-EEEHEERBER BY W WW, 00 ,507, ,%%m

HTTDRNE 5 P 1951 E. H. BECHBERGER 2,568,604

SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Filed June e, 1946 1o Sheets-Sheet 7 IN VEN TOR.

EHRL H-EEIIHBERGER BY 44%, MBWW1 HTTDH'NE 5 Sept. 1 1951 E. H. BECHBERGER SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Filed June 6, 1946 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR.

' Fi'rmrmzys ep 19571 E. H. BECHBERGER 2,568,504

SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Filed June 6, 1946 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR. EFIR'L HBEEIHEEREER BY I 14 zfi mm FIT TD RNEYSY P 1951' E. H. BECHBERGER 2,568,604

SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM Filed'June 6,1946 10 Sheets-Sheet 1o A A IEIIIIIIIHHI lllll IN V EN TOR.

ERR HE EBHEERGER BY Patented Sept. 18, 1951 SIGNATURE FEEDING AND TRANSFERRING MECHANISM 7 Earl H. Bechberger, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, as-

Signor to The Warner & Swasey Company,

Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June 6, 1946, Serial No. 674,754

6 Claims.

This invention relates to a signature collator and particularly to a signature feeding and transferring mechanism of a signature collator and wherein the signatures are fed forwardly in a supply hopper, extracted one at a time therefrom nism wherein the signatures are released from the and transferred and conveyed to a point where dgum and taken by; atconveyoi' incans located he individual signatures are opened and dea ove t e drum, wi h he resul hat the drum posited upon a saddle for the purpose of collating can simultaneously transfer a plurality of signathe same twith the other signatures of a magazine, tures.th am 1 t d t book or 0 her publication. Fur er and ad iona objec s and a van ages An object of the invention is to provide an im-- not hereinbefore expressly referred to will become proved signature feeding, extracting, transferring apparent hereinafter during the detailed descripand conveying mechanism of the type referred tion of an embodiment of the invention which is to which is rapid and positive in its operation and to follow. eifects the feeding, extracting, transferring and 5 Referring to the accompanying drawings illus conveying of the signatures efiiciently and cortrating said embodimenttof the invention, rectly. Fig. 1 is a vertical sec ional view showing dia- A further object of the invention is to provide grammatically the feeding, extracting, transin a mechanism of the type referred to and in ferring and conveying mechanisms. combination with the supply hopper thereof, an Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. l, but showing improved and novel feeding means together with by dot and dash lines the gearing in the drives the control for said means. to the operative parts of the mechanisms.

Another object of the invention is to provide Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the supply an improved and novel signature extracting and hotppe and the signa ure f dine m h nism n transferring mechanism. is aken substantially on line 3-- of Fig. 1, look- A still further object is to provide an improved ing in the direction of the arrows, and discloses and novel signature extracting and transferring the mechanism as a dual unit mechanism. mechanism wherein the extraction, transfer and Fig. 4 is a view looking from line 4-4 of Fig. l, conveying of the signatures is effected substanwith certain portions shown in section. tially entirely by pullingutihe signatures a? disttifi- 3O Fiig. a tfietgched elegationalvigw on atlargei guished from pushing e same, w ere ore e sca e o e ee ing mec anism an a por ion 0' action is positive and no bunching of the signathe extracting mechanism and is taken approxitures can occur mately on line 55 of Fig. 3.

A still further object is to provide improved i a h d partly falevational i p and novel signature extracting and transferring 1y ec ion w o a po t o the slsnature mechanism including a transfer drum which will feflfhng mechfimsm and taken a ppr9X1mate%y carry a plurality of signatures during each drum on 1Tegu1ar hne of 3 lookmg m the revolution, thereby increasing the rapidity of the g i w t k b t u f collating operation of the machine as a whole. i' i g i; g en s an m y mm g ti g gg gfifg ig gzg gg 3222i? Fig. '7 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing the parts in different relationship. mechanism which includes a transfer drum and Fig 8 is a View similar to Fig 6 but Showing means for dr ving said drum so that each revoluthe parts in different relationship. tion thereof lncludes decelerated and accelerated Fig 9 is a View Similar to Figs 5 and but movements to permlt slgnatures to be prop showing the parts in a still different relationship. BT15 gr 1pped and thfan Tapldly transferred, thereby Figs. 10 and 11 are views similar to Figs. 6 and 8 materially lncreasmg the efficlency and Speed but each showing the parts in diiferent relationof operation of the mechanism. Ship fro p 5 and Another object of the invention is to provide Fig 12 is an enlarged View partly in Section an improved and novel signature transferring and conveying mechanism with provision for squaring the signatures as they are released from the transfer drum and again squaring the signatures when they have been carried by the convey- 2 ing means to a point at which they are to be opened for deposit upon the saddle.

A further object is to provide an improved and novel signature extracting and transfer mechaand partly in elevation of the extracting and transferring mechanism and of the conveyor means located above said mechanism and is taken approximately on line IZ-IZ of Fig. 15.

Fig. 12a is a view partly in section and partly 3 in elevation and is taken substantially on line l2al2a of Fig. 12.

Fig. 13 is a detached sectional view taken along line l3|3 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 14 is a detached view on a larger scale and showing the mechanism for operating the gate at the end of the conveyor means.

Fig. 14a is a detached, sectional view throu h the gate supporting shaft.

Fig. 15 is a sectional View taken substantially on irregular line Il5 of Fig 12," looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 16 is a detached sectional view taken on line |6l6 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a detached sectional view taken on line 17-41 of Fig. 15, and

Figs. 18 and 19 are views similar to Fig. 17 but showing the parts in different operative positions.

The signature feeding, extracting, transferring and conveying mechanism embodying the invention is illustrated herein as a dual unit mechanism audit will be understood that the units of the mechanism are identical. 'It will be' understood that the invention contemplates mechanis'ms composed of one or any number of units as might be desired and that the dual'unit shown herein is simply for illustrative purposes.

The mechanism. comprises side supporting plates 20 which are interconnected by required cross braces, one of which. is indicated in Figs. 1 and 3 at 2 I. Certain of the shafts of the mechanism are mounted in bearings carried by the side plates 20 while other of the shafts are mounted a by the side plates 20 and isfdriven by a suitable subject .matter of Spisak Patent No. 2,507,281, is-

shaft 55, see Fig. 1. The shaft 55 also has fixed thereto a gear 56 which meshes with a gear 51 rotatable on stub shaft 58 and having fixed thereto a sprocket 59 that drives a chain 60 which extends around a sprocket 6| rotatable on a stub shaft 62 and which sprocket 6| has fixed thereto a second sprocket 63 which drives a chain 64 that extends around a sprocket 65a fixe don a shaft 65. The shafts 55 and 65 both have axially spaced sprockets fixed thereto which drive pairs of signasued May 9, 1950.

It will, be understood that the signatures after they leave the conveying means, later to be described in detail, are op ened by the opening rollers I32 and I liiand thechains 66'and 61 and power source, not shown. The main drive shaft 22 has fixed thereto agear' 23 which drives a gear 24 which, in this instance, is integral with gear 26. The gears 24 and 26 are freely rotatable on bearing shaft 25. The gear 26 meshes with agear 21 fixed to a rotatable shaft 28. The shaft 28 also has fixedthereto an oval gear 29 which meshes with an oval gear 30 fixed to the shaft 3| which also has fixed to it the transfer drums later to be referred to. The gear 24 meshes with a large central gear 32 that is freely rotatable on the shaft 3| between a boss on plate 2B and the collars 32a and drives three gear trains now to be referred to.

One of said gear trains comprises the gear 33 which meshes with the gear 32 and is rotatable on a stub shaft 3d. The gear 3?, drives gear 35 rotatable on a stub shaft 36 andthe gear 35, in turn, drives a gear 3'! fixed to shaft 38 which carries cams later to be referred to. The gear train just described 'may be designated as the signature feeding and separating gear train. The second gear train driven by the central gear train 32 comprises the gear M rotatable on stub shaft 42 and driving gear 113 fixed to a hollow shaft 44, with said gear 13 driving gear '15 fixed to a hollow shaft, 46. The second gear train may be designated as the signature opening gear train.

' chaini i extending around a sprocket fixed to a are depositedby the latter on the saddle in. The hopper and feeding mechanism will now be described.

The cross brace 2! between theside walls 20- has secured thereto on one of its sides upstand ing bracket arms 'H, see Figs. 3 and 13; The

upper ends of thebracket arms H are provided with spaced bosses which receive and have fixedly v mounted therein supporting bars 72 which extend from adjacent one side plateZDtOadjacent the other side plateZil. The hopper of each unit is supported by the bars 72 and comprises upwardly extending Spaced parallel side members 13, the.

lower ends of which are rigidly connectedto said bars, see Fig. 3. The members #3 of the hopper have. securedto their inner sides angle bars 14 which extend longitudinally of the hopper and' theupper surfaces of their horizontal arms support the lower edges of the signatures placed in the hopper. The members 1'3 also have secured to their inner sides gauges 15 which terminate a substantialdistance rearwardly of the discharge end of the hopper, see Fig. 1, andwhich gauges for the camshaft 38; and extends beyond said boss and has at its free, end a second bearing boss 88. A sleeve 8! is rockaloly carried by the boss '82 and at its opposite, ends 'is. provided with 1 arms .82 which mount pawls 33;. 'The. sleeve.8'l

is also provided with aldownwardly. extending arm 8 the free end of which is provideduwith a roller'85 that cooperates with a cam, later to be referred to, and carried by the cam shaft 38. Shafts are associated with each hopper and said shafts have their adjacent ends individually rotatably supported" in the sleeve 8 and each has fixed thereto adjacent the end of said sleeve 8! a ratchet wheel 8'! that cooperates with a pawl 83. The opposite ends of the shafts 86 are rotatably supported by the bearing plates 76 and intermediate said bearing plates have pulleys 88 fixed to the shafts. Each shaft 85 rockably supports'an elongated sleeve 89 between the ratchet Wheel 81 and the-plates 76 and which is provided at one 'end with a downwardly extending arm 90- carrying a roller 9I that cooperates with a cam on the cam shaft 38 and later to be referred to.

The sleeve 89 and the arm 99 are pivotally interconnected and the sleeve has a portion 89a overlying the arm. A pin 99a is carried by said portion and extends through the arm, see Fig. 6. A spring 992) carried by the pin nomally acts to prevent relative movement between the sleeve and arm. A spring 9Ia connected to the frame and the arm and stronger than spring 99b, maintains the roller 9| in contact with the cam. Each sleeve 89 adjacent said one end is provided on its circumference with a cam 92 later to be described in more detail and which functions to render the pawl 83 active or inactive. The sleeves at their opposite ends are each provided with a feeler 93 which has movement toward and away from the signatures in the hopper and functions as a controlling element for feed regulation. Arranged on each side of each feeler 93 are pusher arms 94 that are operated by cams carried by the cam shaft 38.

As already explained, the shaft 38 has fixed thereto a gear 31, see Fig. 3, which forms part of the signature feeding and extracting gear train and thus the cam shaft 39 is driven from the main drive shaft 22.

The cam shaft 38 is provided with two double sets of cams with one set for each unit of the mechanism. In addition, said shaft has a single pawl actuating cam which functions for both units. It will only be necessary to explain the cams in connection which a single unit.

The shaft 38 has fixed thereto a cam 95 which engages a roller carried by a rockable lever 95a. The free end of lever 95a is pivotally connected to one end of a link 9519, the other end of said link being pivotally connected to the rotatabledisk of a disk type suction control valve 950. When the roller of the lever 95a is on the high point of the cam 95 the rotatable disk of the valve 95a will have been rocked to bring the inlet port 95d into registry with the outlet port 95c. The inlet port 9501 is connected to a source of suction while the outlet port 95:: is connected to the manifold cylinder 95 which, in turn, is connected by flexible tubes 95g to suction arms I91 later to be described. When the roller is on the low spots of the cam 95 the parts are returned by spring pressure to the position shown in Fig. 13 to disconnect the suction and at such time the port 95c and manifold 95 are connected to atmosphere.

In addition to the cam 95 the shaft 38 is also provided with a cam 91 for the bell crank 96 which is connected to the suction arm rod and with a cam 98 for operating the pusher arms 94. The shaft 38 is also provided with a cam 99 for rocking the sleeve 89 and in turn the feeler 93. In addition to the cams just refered to, the shaft 38 has fixed thereto a cam I99 which rocks the sleeve 3! that carries the pawl supporting arms 32, it being recalled that said arms are carried by the sleeve 8! at both ends thereof.

The hopper at its rear or right hand end, as viewed in Fig. 5, is provided with a shaft I9I parallel to the shaft 85 and carrying an idler pulley I92. An endless feed belt I93 extends around the pulleys 88 and I92 and the upper surface of the upper reach of the belt I93 lies substantially in the same plane as the upper surface of the horizontal arms of the angle bars I4, see Figs. 3 and 4, wherefore when signatures are stacked in the hopper with their folded edges downward said edges will be supported by the upper reach of the belt I93 and partially by the angle bars 16, and hence when the belt I93 is moved in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5 the signatures will be moved forwardly in the hopper. The gauge members I5 cause the signatures toward the rear of the hopper to be bowed as is well known in the art and it will be noted that the gauges I5 terminate short of the front plate I94 of the hopper, see Fig. 1, wherefore a group of the signatures which have been moved forwardly beyond the forward end of the gauge members have straightened out from their bowed condition and the foremost signture is in engagement with the front plate I94. The foremost signature in the hopper has its lower folded edge resting upon the upper edge of members I95 that are provided with upstanding beveled stops I96 engaged by the foremost signature and over which stops the lower edge of the signature must be pulled by the suction arms now to be described.

The foremost signature in the hopper is adapted to be engaged by the suction cup carried at the lower end of rocking suction arms I91 and when said arms rock in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5 by mechanism later to be described the folded lower edge of the foremost signature is pulled over the tapered stops I99 and the lower end of the signature is bent about the lower edge of the plate I94 outwardly toward the transfer drum later to be described. The suction arms I91 are fixed to a rod I99 which is rockably supported at the lower end of the plate I94 on bracket arms I94b caried by frame plate I94a. One end of a lever I98 is fixed to the rod I99 and the other end of said lever is pivotally connected to one end of a link II9, the opposite end of which is pivotally connected to the suction arm operating bell crank lever 96.

When the suction arms have swung outwardly to bend the lower edge of the foremost signature from the position shown in Fig. 5 into the position shown in Fig. 9, then the signatures remaining in the forward portion of the hopper will be pushed rearwardly by the pusher arms 94 in order to separate the foremost signature from the signatures immediately behind it. Also at this time the feeler 93 moves until it contacts signatures that were pushed rearwardly by the pusher arms, whereupon the feeler stops for the purpose of controlling the movement of the feed belt I93. These functions of the pusher arms and the feeler will now be described in greater detail.

The pusher arms 94 are interconnected with each other and with an actuating bar III, said bar being pivotally mounted at its right hand end as viewed in Fig. 5 on a pin I I2 carried by the hopper and projecting through an elongated slot I I3 formed in the bar I I I, wherefore said bar can have both pivotal and sliding movement with respect to said pin. The lower edge of the bar III is provided with a camming recess I14 and the edge of said recess is contacted by a roller II5 carried by one arm of a bell crank lever I I6 that is rockably mounted on the supporting bar I2. The other arm of the bell crank lever IIB carries a roller III which rides on the periphery of the cam 98. A spring H8 is connected to the actuating bar III and to the hopper and acts normally to hold the bar in the position shown in Fig. 5 at which time the pin I I2 is at the right hand end of the slot I I3. When the shaft 38 rotates in a clockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 5 toward the position shown in Fig. '7 the bell crank I I6 on the bar I2 is rocked by the cam 98 and the roller II5 acts on the bar III to I move the .latterin: .an:;upward;direction and inter the position shown: in Fig.7, at which .time .the; pusher, arms are elevatedyand; extend between the foremost signature which. has been outwardly bent by the suction arms and the remaining signatures in the hopper. The continuediclockwise rotation of the shaft ta'andcam 98 from the position-:of1Fig..;.7' to the position ,of Fig.1 9' acts moved fromthe position shown in-Figs..5.-and .6'

throughthe positionshown in Figs. '7 and 8 to-the positionshown in'Figs. 9 and 10, and if maximum feed is required, to the positionshown in Fig. 11. The rotation of the shaft 38..and cam 99 from the position shown in Figs. 5 and 6 to the positionshown in Figs. 7 and 8 causes the arm 90 and the sleeve 89 to rockas a unit in a clockwise direction under the action of the spring 9Ia, with the result that the feeler 93 follows the movement of the pusherarms toward the rear' of the hopper. Simultaneously with this unitary clockwise rocking movement of the sleeve 89 andarm-9i} a. slight counterclockwise rocking movementis-imparted to the arm 84 bythecam Hit and in. turn to-the pawl carrying arm 82, with the result that the pawl pin 83a. moves from the highapoint of the cam .92 toward the low point thereof and. the pawl 83 rocks under the action of its springina ratchet engaging direction The continuation of the clockwise rotation of ;the

shaft-38 and the cams 99 andIGEl-causesthe;

feeler 93 to move slightly farther in a clockwise direction until it engages the leading signature. of the group. of signatures which 'have been This.-

pushed rearwardly by the pusher arms. further rotation of the cams '99 andItO, in addition; causesa slight further clockwise movement ofthe'feeler 93 and'cam 92- and a further counterclockwise rocking of the arms 8d and 82-,with the result that theepawl fit-rides down the cam 92 and intocontact withtheratchet 87 and rotates.

the latter a slight distance until roller 85 reaches the highest point of cam IENL. thus effecting move? ment of the belt I03 to cause a slight forward.

feeding movement to the signatures inthe hopper.

simply causes the-arm 90 to rock relative .to the sleeve-89 and feeler 93 to compress the spring 9617. with the roller 9i following the contour of the.

cam under the action of the stronger spring .9 Ia.

However when the feeler 93. is in. the position.

shown in Figs. 9 and 10 and does not contact the leading signature, due to signaturesnot being in their. normal forward position, then the..fur.ther. rocking eithe arm-98 als0-rocks the sleeve 89... andthe feelerv 93 until the latter does engage the.

leading signature or has reached its maximum point of movement. Under these conditions the p rocking of the .arm 86 by the cam IE3!) causes the pawl 831to impart greater feeding movement or its maximum feeding movement to the ratchetBl and to the belt I53; It will be understood that the continued clockwise rotation-of the cams 8?; 99 and Illilcauses the pusher'arms 94 and thefeeler- 93*and the pawl to be restored'to their Thisfeeding movement normally'is the equivalent of the thickness of onesignature. The further clockwise'rotation of the. cam 99. after W the feeler 533. has engaged theleading signature original and inactive :positions. Itwill be runderstood.;that:. simultaneously with: the: rocking. of.

the suction arms I01 to. bend-the loweriedge .of the foremost: signature, as has just been explained; the cam:95.:on the shaft 38 causes open ingof the -.suction:cont-ro1 valvei-95c to cause thesuctionin the cupsof the suction arms It'll to attract and holdagainst the latter the lower-fiend" of the foremost signature.

their most .outwardposition, see Fig. 9,the. lowor :endof thesignature islocated. adjacent to. the :circumferenceof the extracting. and trans. fer idl'llnljil I9-which-is rotating in a clockwise di.-'v rection w-herefore the lower. end of the-signature.- can u be gripped :by; grippers I 28. carried by the drum-:aszwilllater be explained; with the/result that they signature .is withdrawn completely from the hopper in:a..downward direction and iscar-J- H ried:.around:inrcontaet with the surface'of. the? drum ;and..in a. clockwise direction. Simultaneously with the gripping of the lower end ofthe signature by thegrippers I20 the cam 95 on'the shaft 38tefiects; closing of. the suction control arms.

valve95c, wherefore the suction cupsof. the

I 9] release. the signature.

The extracting and transfer drum I I 9 is formed of threewheelskeyed .to'and spaced axially of theshaft'tl, thus providing space between the 3 wheels inwhich the suction arms and grippers can function.

The extractingand transfer "drum I I9-is illustrated as provided with two sets of two grippers I20each w-ith 'said sets spaced substantially 180 apart; Consequentl two signatures can be carriedby the drums simultaneously but it will beunderstood that with-larger diameter drums thenumberofsets ofgrippers-canbe varied as well as the number of signatures carried sirmiltane ously by the drum.- In this instance the wheelsof the drum II9 rockably support a pair of shafts I2I which extend longitudinally through the drum and project at their opposite ends outwardly of the'drum. Each shaft I2I has fixed to it to rock therewitha pair of grippers I20 located adjacent the inner sides-0f the outer wheels. The j shafts I2I on one of "their projecting ends have fixed thereto gripper actuating members including the angularlyspaced arms I23 and I24, see

,Figs.'.15 and- 17. The arms I23 and I24 as the drum rotates cooperate with fixed rollers I25 and I26; located :exteriorly of the drum and supported by'a fixed part of the machine; see Fig. 15. The opposite ends of 'the shafts I2I exteriorly of the r.- drum have fixed thereto levers I21 andextension' springs IZBJSJB'COIHIBQtBd to. said levers adjacent the free ends; thereof and to a collar keyed tothe shaft 3 I.

Referringto ,Fig. 12, the left hand set of;

G0 grippers I2!) is shown in the closed or gripping position and it will .be seen .that as the drum IIQ rotates in a clockwise direction as indicated by. dot and. dash. lines in Fig. 17; that first the arm 7 I23 ;correlate.d.to.this set ofgrippers will engage the roller I25 to initiate rocking movementof the -shaft, I2I and grippers I23. from gripping or closed position. toward open or non-gripping position. The initialumovement of the grippers and the lever; I21 with the shaft I2I extends the spring I28untilithaspassed the. point of maximum-extension; .whereuponsaid spring functions with. a. snap actionito move the lever I 21 to :thefull lineposition of 'Fig.r16 andrto-continuethe opening. movement: of the grippers into the fully openedposition indicated: by the right hand -set-'0f- When the .suctionarms have been swung. to.

grippers in Fig. 12 and by the positions of the arms I23 and I24 in Fig. 18. The clockwise rotation of the drum II9 continuing the arm I24 of the now right hand and opened set of grippers engages the stationary roller I26, see Fig. 19, and the movement of the grippers toward gripping position is initiated by this engagement. Again the rocking of the lever I 21 in a counterclockwise direction extends the spring I28 and as soon as the lever has passed the point of maximum.

extension of said spring the latter again functions with a snap action to continue the counterclockwise movement of the lever I2I, shaft I2I and the grippers I until they reach full closed or gripping position as indicated by the left hand set of grippers in Fig. 12, at which time the arms I23 and I24 are in positions shown in full lines in Fig. 17.

The signatures gripped to the transfer drum are carried around by the rotation of the drum until the leading signature is positioned in and engages the fixed V stops I29 supported by the frame of the machine and located in the circumference of the drum, at which time the grippers are opened as just explained to release this signature.

It will be noted by reference to Fig. 12 that during the period between the release of the signature in the V stops I29 and the gripping of a new signature by the grippers, the drum II9 will be rotated at a relatively slow speed since the teeth of the driving oval gear 29 at the short pitch radius are driving the teeth of the driven oval gear 32 at the long pitch radius. After the grippers have gripped the new signature the rotation of the drum is accelerated until the driving gear 29 is operating on a long pitch radius and the driven gear 32 on a short pitch radius and then is decelerated as the other set of grippers come to signature releasing position, whereupon the drum will again rotate at relatively slow speed during the release of one signature and the gripping of a new signature. In other words, each rotation of the drum includes two periods of relatively slow rotation during which a signature is released and a new signature is gripped and two periods of relatively accelerated rotation during which the signatures are being transferred by the drum. Therefore it will be seen that not only does the transfer drum simultaneously transfer a plurality of signatures but that such transfer is effected rapidly and in a minimum amount of time.

As each signature is gripped by the grippers I20 it is carried in a clockwise direction by the drum and is held in contact with the circumference of the drum by a belt I which hugs the circumference of the drum between the pulleys I3I and I32, see Fig. 1. The belt I30 passes around the pulle I32, around pulley I33, and over guide pulley I34 and around the driving pulley I35 fixed on the main drive shaft 22. The belt I30 thus acts to maintain the signatures in contact with the periphery of the drum until they have reached a point where they will remain in contact by gravity. The portion of the belt I30 between the pulleys I32 and I33 performs a function later to be explained and cooperates with the conveyor means which will now be described.

The shaft 52 driven from the central gear 32 by the gears 41, 49 and 5| has fixed to it axially spaced driving sprockets I36 for endless conveyor chains I3'I which extend around said sprockets I36 and around idler sprockets I38 located above and adjacent to the signature open- 10 ing rolls I39 and I40 which need not be explained in detail herein as they are fully illustrated and described in said Spisak Patent No. 2,507,281.

The fixed shaft 48 supports plates I3Ia located within the chains I31 which ride upon the edges of the plates as supporting guides for the straight portions of the chains. Each plate I3Ia is secured to a collar I3'Ib fixed on shaft 48 and each plate also has an offset portion I3Ic extending past one side face of the sprocket I33 and having a collar I3'Id secured to it and fixed on the stationary shaft I38a. The chains I31 are each provided in this instance with two grippers I4I which are pivoted to one side of the chain and have actuating arms I42 extending inwardly along side of the plate I3Ia. The grippers I4I are maintained in gripping position by springs 143. As the chains travel around the sprockets I36 and I38 the actuating arms I 42 of the grippers contact and are rocked by a stationary cam plate I 44 carried by the plate I3'Ia and located adjacent to the sprockets I36, wherefore the grippers are opened against the action of the springs I43 and are held open so long as the arms I42 are in engagement with the cam plate I44. The instant that the arms I 42 pass out of contact with the cam plate I44 then the grippers MI immediately move to gripping position under the action of the springs I43 and grip the open edges of the signature which is resting in the V stop I29, and the further movement of the chains causes the grippers to pull the signature from the transfer drum and into the space between the lower reach of the chains and supporting bars I45. The signatures are thus moved by the chains toward the sprocket I38 and in so moving pass between the lower reach of the chains and that portion of the endless belt I30 which is intermediate the pulleys I32 and I33. While the signature is still in engagement with said portion of the belt I30 the actuating arms I42 contact the raised heel I46a of the cam plates I46 which are secured to the plates I3Ia and are located near the sprockets I38 and the grippers are thus opened and the signature released. The belt I30, however, continues to move the signature forwardly beneath the guide I4! and against the normally closed gate I48, the action of the belt on the signature after it has engaged the gate acting to square the signature into the proper position for opening by the opening rolls I39 and I40. I

The gate I48 is fixed to a rotatable shaft I49 supported by the end plates 20 and which has fixed thereto near one end a gear segment I50 meshing with a gear segment I5I formed on a sleeve I52 that is rockably mounted on a sub shaft I53, see Fig. 14. The sleeve I52 carries an arm I54 provided at its free end with a roller I55 that is maintained in contact with the periphery of a cam I 56 fixed to the shaft 44 by suitable spring means such as a rat trap spring I49a or shaft I49, see Fig. 14a. Hence as the cam I56 rotates the arm I54 is rocked and through the ear segments l5I and I50 the shaft I49 is similarly rocked to momentarily swing the gate I48 from its normally closed position to its open position. When the gate is opened the belt I30 moves the signature forwardly and its advancing forward open edges are bent by the extension of the guide I41 into a position where the edges can be gripped by grippers on the opening rolls I39 and I40. It will be understood that after the open edges of the signature have been gripped by the grippers on the opening rolls the signature is carried downwardly by the rotation of 111 ssaid :xrolls and lipartially :opened 1 and is -;then tgripped by=grippers on .the;..'chainsv stand: 5S and is I. positively: moved tj-downwa-rdly i. and spread vto iopen; position. until it is deposited on the. saddle :conveyor 10- fully explained" and-covered insaid :ESpisak Patent No.. 2,507,281.

".In order to coordinate the description here- :inbefore set forth and to clearly bring out the ffunctions of the various parts as well as'to exapla'in the advantages existing in the construction-andthe-manner in which it accomplishes *the objects-specified, a description of the operation of themechanism is now in order. It will be' assumed 'that:a supply of signatures is in the :hopper with the closed or folded ends of the si natures resting uponthe angle bars 14 and upon the "feed" belt I03 =wliilethe long open edge of "each'signature is'toward the front'of-the hopper. Itw ill also be assumed that-thesignatures lying 'between the gauges I5 are bowed, as-will be un- 'derstoody-forthe purpose ofssti'ffening the signaturesaand'thatagroup of the signatures in straightened'form is located forwardly of the gauges I5, with the'foremost signature in engagement-with the front'plate I04. It will-also be assumed that the suction arms Iii! are in "the withdrawn position of'Fig 1 and that thepu'sher arms'll l'and the feeler 93 are in the normally 'inactive' position' of Fig. 5. Assuming that power is now applied to themain drive shaft 22; it will be understood that the signature'feeding and separating gear train, the signature convey- 'ing gear train and the signature opening gear train start to be driven and that the cam carrying shaft -38-' starts rotating as does also the transferdrum II 9. Therefore the camfi'i rocks thebell crank actuating lever 96 to cause the suction arms IIto beswung from the; position shown in Fig. 1 inwardly until the'suction cups are contacting the foremost" signature as shown in Fig. 5. At this time the cam 95 has actuated thesuction control'valve to open position, whereforethe lower end of the foremost signaturcis held'against the cupsby suction. The cam 91 now rocksthe bell crank 96 to cause the suction armslllT toswing outwardly and to pull the folded lower edge of the foremost signature over the beveled stops I06 and to bend the lower portion of the foremost signature outwardly about thelower edge of the plate I04. When the out ward movement of the suction arms 'I0'I has reached the position indicated in Fig. 7 the cam 98 operating on bell crank IIli'has raised the pusher arms 94- from the position shown in Fig. unwardly behind the outwardly bent signature to the position shown in Fig. 7. Also duringthis time the cam 99 operating on the arm 90*has rockedthe feeler -93 from thepos'ition' shown in Figv6'to the position shown in Fig: 8. The cam 91 continues to effect the outward swinging movementof the suction arms IOTfrom the :position shown inFigJ 7 to the position shown"in'Fig. 9, at which time the lower end of 'thebent foremost signature is contacting the periphery of the transfer drum H9. "Simultaneously with this outward swinging of the suction arms the cam QB has effected rearwardmovement of the 'elevatedpusher arms 94 from the position shown in Fig. "7 to the; position shown in'Fig. 9 and the straightened signatures located forwardly of the sidegauges 15 have been; pushed rearwardly as a group and are compacted by such movement. Also the rearward pushing of the remaining straightened signatures 'by'the pusher arms frees said signatures from the now bent foremost sig- :nature The cam':99 .during5thisztime 'has'zcontinuedt toi'effect movement of the. feeler. 93 :rearwar'dly and following the rearward .;movement .1 of the pusher arms .untill the. feeler' engages'ithe leading "signature of those compacted by the pusher arms, whereupon'the rearwardmovement of the feeler'stops. The saidrearwardimovement of the feeler'has caused'the'cam 92 to move from the'position shown'in Fig; 8 wherein the'pawl .was just about to engage with the 'ratchetteethto the positionshown in Fig.'10.-wherein the pawl 83 is fully engaged with the ratchet teeth. Therefore the rocking of thevarmwM by the cam l I00 results in the pawl: rotating the ratchet} B1 to impart :a forward feeding movement: to theibelt I03 and normally this feeding :movement is the distance equivalent to the thickness of one signature. Under normal operations andafter the .feeler 93 has contacted the leading signature, as just explained, the further rocking of the arm E90 by the cam 99 under the action ofthe spring 9Ia results in the .arm"90= moving'relative to the sleevetfl and compressing the spring SIJb. However, in the event that the signatures previously have not come'forward properly under thefeeding action just explained, the feeler 93 may have to travel. rearwardly-a further'distance from the position shown in Fig. 10 toward the position shown in Fig. 11 and until 'it contacts the leading signature, and under such circumstances the cam 92 'is moved farther in a clockwise direction and therefore the pawl 83 morequiekly engages with the ratchet'teeth and a feeding movement in excess of the normal thicknessof one signature is imparted'to the belt- I03. It will thusibe seen that the position of the-signatures in the hopper controls the .amount offorward feeding movement imparted to the signaturesso that thesignatures will be maintained in proper position to be withdrawn from the hopper.

'Asalready stated, the suction arms I01 have bent-the lower portion of theforemost signature 7 into contact with the circumference of the transfer drum H9. 'At this time the pusher arms and the feeler are returned to their normal positions indicated in"Fig.'5 'by' 'thefurtherrotation of the cams Hand 99. At'thistime the transfer drum H9 is rotating at-decelerated speed due to the aotionof the oval gears 29 and' 32 and the grippers I20have'been opened by the engagement of the arm I23 with the stop I25 and by the snap action of the spring I28 and hence the lower end of the bent foremost-signature is in a position to b engaged and held by the grippers when the latter are closed. The continued slow rotation of the transfer drum causes the pin I24Vto engage the stop I26 and initiate the closingmovement of the grippers, which movement iscompletedby the snap action of the spring I21 and therefore the lower end of'therbent foremost signature is now held positivel'y by the grippers in .contact with the periphery'of the drum as indicatedin Fig. 9. Simultaneously the cam on the shaft 38 actuates the suctionlcontrol valveto relieve the suction and hencethe suction cups carried by the suction arms I017 release their engagement'with the signature. The continued clockwise rotation of the transfer drum I I9, positively pulls the foremost signature gripped thereto downwardly and out of the hopper and around between the drum and the belt I30. The signature is now pulled around "by thefdrum at an acceleratedrate of movement due to the action of the oval gears 29 and 32 until the other set of "grippers carried by the drumepproachesthe position wherein they are to be opened and then closed to grip another signature, the lower end of which has been positioned by the suction arms I01 against the periphery of the drum in the manner described. At this "time the rotation of the transfer drum is decelerated by the oval gears until the last mentioned signature has been gripped and is being withdrawn by the drum from the hopper, after which the drum is again accelerated as already mentioned, until just prior to the first withdrawn signature engaging in the V-stop I29. When the signature engages in the V-stop 129 the gripper is opened to release the signature and the latter comes to a stop and has its position squared in the V-stop. At this time the grippers Ml on the conveyor chains I31 close and grip the open edges of the stopped signature and positively pull the signature from off the transfer drum without this signature contacting the succeeding signatures on the drum and in between the supporting bars I45 and the chain I31 and then between the belt [38 and the chain 13'! and until the grippers Ml are opened by the cam plate Hi6 adjacent the sprocket I38, after which the belt I38 frictionally continues the forward movement of the signature beneath the guide plate I l! and against the normally closed gate I48, whereupon the forward movement of the signature momentarily terminates but the action of the belt on the signature tends to move it forwardly and functions to square the latter against the gate. The gate M8 is then opened by the cam I56 and the belt 130 acts to mov the squared signature forwardly beyond the gate and under the extended portion of the guide I41 and into a position where its open edges are gripped by grippers on the opening rolls I39 and I46. The rotation of the opening rolls initiates the opening of the signatur and carries its open edges downwardly to a point where they are gripped by grippers on the opening chains 66 and 61, after which said chains positively move the signature downwardly and deposit it upon the saddle conveyor it, all as is fully described in said Spisak Patent No. 2,507,281.

From the foregoing description of the operation it will be noted that a plurality of the signatures are transferred by the drum H9 simultaneously and during each complete rotation of the drum, thus speeding up the rate of signature transfer from the hopper to the conveying means. In addition this rate of transfer is speeded up by the acceleration and deceleration in the rotation of the transfer drum due to the use of the oval gears, it being recalled that the drum is decelerated during the gripping of the signature and then accelerated to withdraw the signature from the hopper and move it in a transferring direction. It will further be noted that the grippers on the transfer drum and the grippers on the conveying chains function to pull the signatures through their paths of transfer and movement as distinguished from arrangements wherein the signatures are pushed. This improves the efficient operation of the mechanism and avoids all likelihood of the signatures being buckled or distorted in a way which would cause the machine to jam. In other words, the signatures are transferred and moved substantially and entirely by a positive pulling action.

It will also be noted that during the transfer and the movement of the signatures they are twice squared and properly positioned, namely, when they engage in the V-stop I29, and again when they engage the gate M8. The effect of this arrangement is to improve the dependability of operation of the mechanism and to assure the proper opening of the signatures by the opening rolls and opening chains.

It will also have been seen that due to the L-shaped movement of the pusher arms they first rise between the foremost signature and the remaining signatures and then push the latter rearwardly in the hopper into a compact group to free the foremost signature from the remaining signatures and the manner in which the feeler follows the pusher arms until contacting the compressed group of signatures provide an improved and eincient feed control for the signatures in the hopper and thus facilitates the efficient operation of the machine as a whole since it assures the proper positioning of the signatures to be bent by the suction arms and withdrawn from the hopper by the transfer drum. Also it will have been noted that the feeler operation controls the feeding of the signatures in the hopper and that the feeler, when the signatures have not been previously properl fed forwardly, moves an additional distance to cause a greater feeding movement to be imparted to the signatures.

The expression horizontal hopper as used herein means a hopper in which the signatures are stacked on edge with the signatures arranged in a substantially horizontal row.

Although a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described herein for illustrative purposes, it will be understood that the invention is susceptible of various modifications and adaptations within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a signature feeding and transferring mechanism unit of a signature collator; a hopper in which the signatures are stacked, a transfer and extracting drum located adjacent said hopper, means for bending a portion of successive signatures outwardly of the hopper into close proximity with the periphery of said drum preparatory to the bent signature being gripped and extracted from the hopper, a signature pushing means, means for actuating said pushing means to move the same between the bent signature and the remaining signatures in the hopper and then to move the same linearly in a direction substantially transverse to its first named movement, said means for actuating the pushing means comprising an elongated member connected adjacent one of its ends to said pusher means and operatively connected adjacent its other end to said hopper for pivotal and longitudinal movement, said member being provided with a camming surface, and cam actuated means contacting said surface to impart to said member successively the pivotal and longitudinal movements thereof.

2. In a signature feeding and transferring mechanism unit of a signature collator; a hopper in which the signatures are stacked, a transfer and extracting drum located adjacent said hopper, means for bending a portion of said successive signatures outwardly of the hopper into close proximity with the periphery of said drum preparator to the bent signature being gripped and extracted from the hopper, a signature pushing means, means for actuating said pushing means to move the same between the bent signature and the remaining signatures in the hopper and then to move the same linearly in a direction substantially transverse to its first named movement to push the remaining signatures into :a compactedgroup, a feeler, means for=moving said feeler into engagement with said compacted group of remaining signatures, and means for variably feeding the signatures in the hopper and operatively associated withsaid feeler and said feeler moving means, said feeler being pro- 'vided with a 'cam surface, said feeler having a rockable hub portion provided with a cam surface, said signature feeding means including a driven ratchet and a driving pawl, said pawl having a portion contacting said cam surface to control the, engagement'of the pawl with said ratchet and in turnto control the amplitude of feeding movement imparted to the ratchet.

3; In a signature feeding and transferring mechanism unit of a signature collator; a hopper' in which the signatures are stacked, an extracting and transfer drum located closely adjacent to theextracting end of said hopper, means for rotating said drum, pivoted means for bonding the folded edge of successive signatures in the hopper outwardly into close proximity to the periphery of said drum, a plurality of gripper means carried by said drum and spaced circumferentially thereof for gripping to the drum during each drum rotation the folded edge of a plurality of successively bent signatures, said plurality of gripper means each acting successively during a single drum rotation to grip and extract a bent signature from said hopper and to then transfer the same on the drum with its folded edge foremost and thenrelease the gripped and transferred signature, stop means in the path of movement of the folded edge of. the transferred signatures and located substantially on the radial line from the'drum axis to the pivotalcenter of said bending means, and means forv'operating said signature bending means and each of said gripping means at predetermined times in each drum revolution such that each time the folded edge of a transferredsignatureengages said step means the gripper means which gripssaid transferred signature simultaneously releases the same, while said bending means substantially simultaneously with the release of the transferred signature bends the foremost signature .in'the hopper and then said gripping means which has just released the transferred signature gripsthe newly bent signature.

4. In a signature feeding and transfer mechanism unit of a signature collator as defined in claim 3 and wherein said means for rotating said drum includes a. drive train to said drum .having therein drive element which produce a plurality of periods of acceleration anddeceleration' inthe drum rotation during'each revolution thereof, said engagement of the transferred signatureswith said stop means occurring substantially at the end of a period of deceleration and said gripping of the bent signatures bythe gripping means occurring substantially at the beginning of a period of acceleration.

5. In a signature feeding and transferring mechanism unit of a signature collator as defined in claim 3 and wherein the means for rotating said drum includes a drive train tosaid drum having therein a pair of intermeshin elliptical gears providing during each drum rotation a plurality of periods of acceleration and deceleration in drum movement, each transferred signature engaging said stop means substantially at the end of a period'of deceleration and each of said gripping means gripping a newly bent signature substantially at the beginning of a period of acceleration.

6. In a signature feeding and transferring mechanism unit of a signature collator as defined in claim 3 and wherein there is provided a substantially horizontally movable transfer and conveyor means located above said drum and provided with grippers acting to grip the open edges of the released signatures in said stop means to pull said signatures oil the drum and convey them away therefrom, gate means located at the outer end of the transfer and conveying means and against which the conveyed signatures successively come to rest and are squared thereby,

and means for periodically and automatically opening said gate.

EARL H. BECHBERGER.

' REFERENCES CITED Thefollowing references are of' record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re. 21,489 Kleineberg et al. June 25, 1940 Re.21,'707 Davidson Feb. 4, 1941 650,543 North May 29, 1900 851,184 Spalckhaver Apr. 23, 1907 2,027,818 Golber Jan. 14, 1936 2,143,049 Belluche Jan. 10, 1939 2,192,908 Harrold Mar. 12, 1940 2,219,608 Ackley Oct. 29, 1940 2,223,391 Schweitzer Dec. 3, 1940 2,251,943 Kleineberg Aug. 12, 1941 2,361,907 Baker Nov. '7, 1944 2,413,358 Kleineberg' Dec. 31, 1946 

